Dialysis

Introduction to Dialysis

Dialysis is a life-saving treatment for people with kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It involves removing waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function.

Types of Dialysis

There are two main types of dialysis: Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis. Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter the blood outside the body, while Peritoneal Dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen to filter the blood inside the body.

Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

CKD is classified into five stages, with stage 1 being the mildest and stage 5 (ESRD) being the most severe. The stages are determined based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), a measure of kidney function.

Main Causes of CKD

The main causes of CKD are diabetes and high blood pressure. These conditions damage the kidneys’ filtering units, leading to CKD over time.

Renal Patients Diet

A renal diet is crucial for managing CKD. It typically involves limiting sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intake, as the kidneys struggle to remove these substances from the blood. It’s also important to consume high-quality protein and monitor fluid intake.

Taking Care of AV Fistula

An arteriovenous (AV) fistula is a connection, created surgically, between an artery and a vein for hemodialysis access. To take care of it, keep the area clean, avoid carrying heavy items with the arm that has the fistula, and check the fistula daily for changes.

Preventing Infections

Preventing infections is critical in dialysis patients. This can be achieved by maintaining good hygiene, especially hand hygiene, taking prescribed antibiotics, getting vaccinated, and promptly reporting any signs of infection to healthcare providers.